In much Western analysis the verb most commonly attached to Chinas reforms is stalled. The truth is that political reform in China hasnt stalled. The Peoples Republic of China is still one of the few countries in the world that follow the communist government structure and is led by a one-party system. In 2019 that market reached $6 trillion, surpassing the U.S. level of $5.5 trillion. Sage. Majority of China's production companies are owned and managed by the government. On the foreign front, China never tried to pressure anyone to conform to its domestic political system but instead not only respects, but celebrates, their differences. This paper analyzed the different political structures of both countries and highlighted the stark differences between a democratic state and a communist state, but the analysis also provided one similarity, which was the elitist government structure that existed in both political structures. She was a Red Guard as a teenager, screaming adoration for Chairman Mao while her parents were being re-educated for being educated. Ideological competition between China and the U.S. in recent years comes in three basic models: The nationalist hegemony model that ultimately serves U.S. hegemonistic purposes in the international community. By the 1980s she was in the first generation to go back to university, and even took part in the Tiananmen Square demonstration. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. Lobbying groups have more of an influence on the government of the United States than the citizens themselves, which creates the question if the US is more pluralist or elitist, and the matter of the fact is that the US is not really a representative republic but rather a pluralist oligarchy. Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. Collectivism means that the needs of an individual are not emphasized as compared to those of the society and not until recently, most rights of Chinese citizens were not realized. It will take years if not decades for China to catch up in some areas, at great cost. With its democratic society, the U.S. is unable to prevent financial capitalism from swelling, or to take dramatic action against vested interests to formulate a model under which finance and industry mutually optimize and complement one another. This is a natural outcome of the decline in U.S. strength. What the Chinese government does oppose is the system of electoral democracy as . In fact, the pandemic has made the world more dependent on Chinese exports, which grew 21% in November over the previous year. Meanwhile, American consumers have paid for the higher tariffs, because the average prices of Chinese exports havent decreased. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. Land use is the most direct manifestation of human activities, accompanied by changes in land cover. Great challenges lie ahead. Nevertheless, these changes do not seem to stand any chance of influencing its foreign policymakers, who remain convinced of their system's superiority relative to all others. This is a belief alien to many Western business executives, especially if theyve had experience with other authoritarian regimes. The differences between people of different cultures far outweigh their similaritiesI believe that differences in people of different cultures far outweigh their similarities.. - Quora Answer (1 of 17): Americans hold the individual in the highest regard, whereas Chinese hold the community in the highest regard. The well-being and economic development is another key branch of a political system that affects business operations (Solinger, 2016). A cleaner in Chongqing now owns several apartments because the CCP reformed property laws. Losing the China market will be costly for American tech companies and deprive them of funds for further R&D. And with handy apps such as Xuexi Qiangguo (Study the powerful nation and a pun on Study Xi) to teach the basics of thinkers including Marx, Lenin, Mao, and Xi Jinping, political education is now a 21st-century business. In this view, Trump wont necessarily lose if he fails to bring the pandemic under control; but if he fails to save the U.S. economy, his fate is sealed. Our firm, PAG, invests throughout Asia and occasionally beyond. Any shift in supply chains will be gradual and partial, because its very costly to move from the most efficient supplier to the second or third best. Which serves U.S. interests better, a free and democratic China, or an authoritarian China that identifies with U.S. leadership? The economic nationalism of the U.S. since Donald Trump assumed office is related to the hegemony promoted by the Obama administration and the current leading presidential candidate of the Democratic Party, Joe Biden. Cavusgil, S. T., Ghauri, P. N., & Akcal, A. This package reveals much that may surprise them. Looking into the future, the path for China-U.S. cooperation will become more tortuous owing to the nationalist ideological struggle triggered by the coronavirus. Policy makers, in contrast, looking for ways to gain more control and sovereignty over the future, now play a much longer game than the West does. Beijing expats speak Mandarin better than Shanghai ones. The vehicles for much of this investment are still the CCPs Soviet-style five-year plans, which include the development of what Xi has termed an eco-civilization built around solar energy technology, smart cities, and high-density, energy-efficient housing. The differences in political beliefs led to the formation of a two-party system in the United States, contrary to George Washington's wishes. Chinas leaders argue that its essentially Leninist rule book makes Chinese politics far less arbitrary or nepotistic than those of many other, notably Western, countries (even though the system has its share of back-scratching and opaque decision-making). It is a global leader in AI, biotech, and space exploration. World economies keep on changing and countries are also made to change for them to remain competitive. A command economy is the opposite of a free economy and it is usually dominated by the government which is always controlling major aspects of businesses. That figure is higher than in all Western countries (for example, only 53% of U.S. individual investors trade this frequently); its also even higher than in neighboring Hong Konganother Han Chinese society with a predilection for gambling and a similar, capital-gains-tax-free regime. Yet as soon as that ideological cover is removed, internal contradictions immediately reveal themselves. Canadian jurisdiction is the opposite; if it's not left to the Provinces, it's most likely the responsibility of the federal government. Those with low social-credit scores may find themselves prevented from buying an airline ticket or getting a date on an app. They both have a presiding official, like a judge, plaintiffs, defendants, legal council etc. The world will be lifeless and dull if there is only one single model and one single civilization." The political system of China has been operational since its establishment for 50 years. Worse, the U.S. has displayed an institutional helplessness in the face of such fundamental problems. . (2016). Demonstrators shout "Don't shoot" at the police after curfew as they protest the death of Daunte Wright who was shot and killed by a police officer in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, April 12, 2021. Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America Solve your problem differently! The main difference between Chinese and US politics is the political ideologies, and one is founded on a democratic yet capitalist system while the other has been led through decades on a Communist and one-party system. The real danger is the Taiwan issue. In Canada, it is a . The old imperial bureaucracy helps modern Chinese to make the government started on more efficient point to absorb interest than any other countries (King, F. J., The United States and China Fourth Edition, 1979, In International Business: Competing in the global marketplace (11th ed.). Its monetary policy is reasonably tight, with the yield on government bonds about 3.5 times that on U.S. Treasuries. Until that happens, the world will remain unstable as the U.S. aggressively tries to eliminate political diversity. As the author Yuval Noah Harari has pointed out, liberalism has had few competitors since the end of the Cold War, when both fascism and communism appeared defeated. The legal system of a country establishes regulations and laws that maintain and indicate the basic values of an entire nation. Globalization. But at every point since 1949 the Chinese Communist Partycentral to the institutions, society, and daily experiences that shape all Chinese peoplehas stressed the importance of Chinese history and of Marxist-Leninist doctrine. Nolan, P. (2012). Educated in the United States, he worked for the World Bank and J.P. Morgan and taught at the Wharton School. The US is a developed country, its national infrastructure has essentially been completed; China is a developing country and is undergoing large-scale infrastructure construction. The pandemic has added urgency, but American politicians appear not to have found the answers. Consequently, inequality is greater in China than in the United States, measured by the Gini coefficient. One reason that many people misread Chinas trajectory may be thatparticularly in the English-language promotional materials the Chinese use overseasthe country tends to portray itself as a variation on a liberal state, and therefore more trustworthy. Accept that economic development in China will not inevitably lead to democracy; acknowledge that the Chinese regard their government as both legitimate and effective; and recognize that while Chinese consumers have short-term horizons, their rulers are focused on the countrys long-term security. The complete Spotlight package is available in a single reprint. The paper also highlighted citizen engagement in both countries, either through direct elections in the USA or through the CCP controlled nominations in China. The CPC runs the country while the other non communist parties play the role of participatory. What to Know. The PRC isn't just pragmatic, but also respectful towards all of its partners. However, as the world is constantly moving towards a market-based system, the country had to switch to this system that allowed it to increase economic and still maintain its communist status. 9. The U.S. also repeatedly provoked China using freedom and democracy as a pretext. That means that despite the trade war, the technology war, and the capital warthe U.S. governments restricting American investment in ChinaChinas GDP will most likely be 10% bigger in 2022 than it was in 2019, whereas the U.S. economy probably will only recover to 2019 levels by 2022, according to the International Monetary Fund. The one long-term asset class in which increasing numbers of Chinese are investedthat is, residential property, ownership of which grew from 14% of 25-to-69-year-olds in 1988 to 93% by 2008is driven also by the need for security: Unlike all other assets, property ensures a roof over ones head if things go wrong, in a system with limited social welfare and a history of sudden policy changes. Until Western companies and politicians understand this and revise their views, they will continue to get China wrong. Regardless of who wins, it is unlikely that one of the . ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. In such a system innovation is limited since people do don feel motivated to come up with brilliant business ideas because undesirable laws keep on blocking them. Some manufacturing has been relocated away from China since the trade war with the U.S. began in 2018, but that hasnt made a dent in either Chinas exports or Americas trade deficit. It is, therefore, against nature itself and arguably a violation of international human and legal rights for anyone to attempt to get rid of diversity, which is exactly what the U.S. is trying to do all across the world through its messianic zeal in imposing its political system onto all others. During the Cold War in the 20th century, and particularly afterward, the U.S. sought to establish and consolidate its leadership role in the international community in the name of freedom and democracy so much so that U.S. hegemony was also often referred to as hegemonic liberalism.. (2012). In fact, many Chinese believe that the countrys recent economic achievementslarge-scale poverty reduction, huge infrastructure investment, and development as a world-class tech innovatorhave come about because of, not despite, Chinas authoritarian form of government. How can outside investors ensure that they dont become collateral damage in a bigger political and economic war? Accelerate your career with Harvard ManageMentor. The Biden administration is expected to restore that policy and to work within the rules of international institutions, which I expect will defuse tensions. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. This suggests some obvious hypocrisy on the part of the Biden administration and perhaps even a lack of sincerity with respect to the domestic causes that it supports. If a business is successful, its usually open to taking outside capital so that it can quickly expand nationwide. With less than a quarter of Chinas population, America has a death toll about 100 times Chinas and counting. This is the logical extension of China-U.S. competition from the perspective of U.S. economic nationalism. In this system, the courts depend on the set legal codes by which the juries are only allowed to make their judgment basing on these codes. Considering that China adopted the system of the dynamic market much later than other nations, it has done remarkably well to have such a positive impact on its economy. The pandemic has profoundly shaken the U.S. sense of superiority in values, culture and systems since the Enlightenment, and by extension the entire West. Disclaimer: ProEssays.net is a custom writing service that provides online on-demand writing work for assistance purposes. (If you want to contribute and have specific expertise, please contact us at opinions@cgtn.com. Bidens proposals have been criticized as new wine in old bottles, and a kind of tinkering; Trump is regarded by Henry Kissinger as marking the end of an old era. Thats not likely, precisely because in Chinas particular brand of authoritarianism, control is key. Routledge. (2016). Moving from Beijing to Shanghai has made my Mandarin worse. Comparision between US, UK, and China's Political Systems The United States Of America is a liberal democratic country, and the basic elements of democracy (majority rule, government by popular consent, one person one vote, and competitive elections, to name a few) are revered. However, there are usually lawful ways to get around that. I see no systemic risk either in Chinas banking system or in its economy. China now has better highways, rail systems, bridges, and airports than the United States does. Investors anywhere should invest in a socially responsible way to advance human rights, adhering to a high standard for labor practices, gender equality, investment in human capital, and charitable contributions. Depending on the conditions surrounding a case, the law system allows special consideration to such as a case. China is more corporatism, which is the organization of society by corporate groups such as military and agriculture, which can even be seen through its different selective assemblies and congresses. One reason China can spend so much on infrastructure is that its defense budget, after years of increases, is still only about a quarter that of the United States. They dont know how socialist it is, with its Social Security system and its policies to tax the rich by collecting capital gains taxes. One thing hasnt changed, though: Many Western politicians and business executives still dont get China. Consequently, running international businesses has become significantly easier than ever before. That has political implications, of coursefor example, that the public ownership of assets is necessary to ensure an equal distribution of wealthbut the economic outcomes are the focus. They still blame foreign interference for many of their misfortunes, even if it occurred more than a century ago. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. In contrast, the U.S. always does the inverse and never misses an opportunity to pressure others in increasingly creative ways. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . 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