Last Farm Boy ", "The Grail is a universal theme," says Russo. William Scully was an Irish aristocrat with land-owning family roots going back 500 years, and both he and his family members were known as heavy-handed landlords in Ireland. , located in Gilman. Instead, he was long an alien landlord, operating through agents. Nestled next to the Columbia River Gorge, the farm was a sightto behold. Only one of Peter`s children, Richard, 29, has become involved in helping his father with family business, though Peter said he has endeavored to involve and inform all his children so their decisions about the Scully lands will be well-conceived. fortune in the larger and more wide-open spaces of America. Bill Borgognoni, who is leading the restoration, declines comment on Scully's proposal because he has not seen the plan but does warn of high costs and possible safety hazards. ''Nasty Nasty! TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. In a close second is the Scully Family ground, largely based in Logan County. William Scully is well known. "I never made a profit," he says, "but, of course, I had extra money from my family, so here we are.". They should get into life. Great Plains Studies PRIME: There are more professional farm managers on prime central Illinois ground than in the rest of the state, because there are more absentee landowners. ''I enjoy farming, but at the same time, I disagree with the whole system we follow on most of our lands with the destructive commercial rules of farming. ''astral radiations'' enter the animals through their horns and invest them with life force. The second and far more costly threat followed the death in 1974 of Violet Scully, who lived in a country house outside Lincoln and was widely admired. Still, many local observers say that the city of Springfield is indebted to the Scullys. Wild Hare Caf in Elkhart, IL. Two days later Scully returned to buy an additional 6,400 acres.] Walden said the family recently paid off the loan. . He was the land was not conducive to raising sheep, especially with the his Illinois prairie land around 1870, using big open ditches He returned to Ireland to 7. and 8. Coming in at a distant third with less than half the acreage of either of the top two landowners is Farmland Partners. Trained in Ireland`s marshy farm fields, he knew American lands could be drained and tamed. They are managed by Westchester Management Group Inc., based in Champaign. Ed Russo, the retired city historian, says that that's a shame: "A peaceful meditation space seems appropriate for the presidential library. By mid-1851 he owned (1879), 1433; E. D. Steele, Irish land and British politics: tenant-right and nationality, 18651870 (1974), 712; H. E. Socolofsky, Landlord William Scully (1979); R. V. Comerford, review of H. E. Socolofsky, Landlord William Scully (1979), IHS, xxii (1980), 86; K. T. Hoppen, Elections, politics and society in Ireland, 18321885 (1984), 128; NHI, v, 448, 747; W. E. Vaughan, Landlords and tenants in mid-Victorian Ireland (1994), 345, The Dictionary of Irish Biography is a project of the Royal Irish Academy, 19 Dawson Street, Dublin, D02 HH58, +353 1 609 0600, website, Accessibility | Privacy| Cookie policy| Cookie settings, Copyright Dictionary of Irish Biography 2023, Originally published October 2009 as part of the Dictionary of Irish Biography, Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 International. Abandoned for several years, the crumbling building had been threatened with demolition when Young Michael and Nanchen stepped in to buy it. Scully began to drain The final Elkhart Historical Society dinner/lecture of 2011 was on November 4 at The Wild Hare Caf in Elkhart, IL. You can find the original article here. Scully himself was injured in the affray. One may wonder how different things might have been if Scully's intention to become a resident farmer on his recently acquired land in Illinois in the early 1850s had been realized. 5. A graduate of Princeton with a degree in English literature, Peter is shy of publicity and private in his dealings, though he served on the school board in Dwight for years and has personally financed many city projects, including renovation of the town`s railroad station. View their profile including current address, phone number 602-971-XXXX, background check reports, and property record on Whitepages, the most trusted online directory. several other books, one being his 2010 Scully, who previously served as a Managing Director at Cerberus Capital Management and was a Partner at Apollo Real Estate Advisors is now charged with helping the Hong Kong-based real estate investment house establish a US presence and will lead the sourcing and executions of investments in North America for Asia Pacific Land. The Marion County, Kansas, holdings fairly early became wheat country. Scully spent about $10,000 to produce the monograph, which will be exhibited later this year at the Lincoln Public Library, 30 miles north of Springfield. Along with 110,000 acres in Kansas and Nebraska, which are in trusts overseen by two Scully cousins, these lands are what remain of a 225,000-acre empire bought for as little as 50 cents an acre. His son, Thomas, continued If not, that's fine, too," he says. (2011) will be the subject of an up-coming Elkhart Historical Scully married twice; firstly Margaret Sweetman (d. 1861) in 1851, with whom he had three daughters, and secondly Enriqueta Angela Chynoweth (d. 1932) in 1876, with whom he had three sons and one daughter. Based in South Bend, Ind., Ceres Partners comes in at No. Family members can give to charities out of their annual payments, but not directly from their trusts. Scully says he is quietly seeking political backing for his idea. He concentrated rigorously on maximising profits, often at the expense of his tenants, which inevitably caused conflict. It was a cold January day in 2021 when Eric OKeefe, editor and founder of The Land Report, walked up to the podium at the Land Expo in Iowa and announced Bill Gates as Americas largest individual farmland owner. his Illinois prairie land around 1870, using big open ditches Using knowledge of drainage from his days in Ireland, he dug ditches and installed drain tile, speculating that a railroad would connect Chicago to St. Louis. were able to get into their fields two weeks earlier than the other undergoes a nearly $10 million makeover. I started looking. He learned this after investigating Gates purchase of the 100 Circles farm in eastern Washington by one of Gates holding companies. 9. The Scully holdings were put together in the 1800s by the family`s patriarch, the controversial William Scully, a heavy-handed but visionary Irish aristocrat who was shot and wounded by. He learned this after investigating Gates purchase of the 100 Circles farm in eastern Washington by one of Gates holding companies. Beginning in 1870, William Scully of Illinois made large land purchases in Marion County. Woodrow says he and Thompson often work together on projects and planning for the benefit of the family. The fact that much of this land was concentrated in a block permitted the owner to drain the land independently of organized drainage districts. presentation. Scully began to drain Bill Gates. Un- 79 LANDLORD WILLIAM SCULLY confirmed stories from later years state that John's mother married, that she came to the United States with her husband, and that they became Scully tenants in Logan County, where they failed to pay rent-at least at times without being threatened with eviction by a landlord who was not hesitant Just 100 copies of the brochure were printed, half of which were mailed out last month as Christmas gifts to Scully's friends and family members. The railroad followed, and his fortune was made. 7. and 8. In a close second is the Scully Family ground, largely based in Logan County. The affair received a large amount of coverage in the Irish and London press and Scully's name became synonymous with the archetypal corrupt and evil Irish landlord. That means the majority of farmland is owned by farmers and will continue to be for generations to come. This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. local individual, William Scully, was the focus of his November Some fifteen hundred tenants farmed these extensive holdings. For the most part, the Scully land empire has remained remarkably intact for more than 100 years and three generations, give or take a few tens of thousands of acres here and there. The Gates story brought to light what we were already seeing in the industry: Investors were recognizing farmland as a good long-term investment and new players were showing up at farm sales. Rather than farm this land himself, Mr. Scully chose to lease the land in a fashion similar to the one his family had used in Ireland for many years. Self-made billionaire owner of the car parts manufacturer Flex-N-Gate, Khan comes in sixth in this survey of prime central Illinois farmland, with just over 8,700 acres. Sometime between fertilizers, pesticides, livestock hormones-were either eliminated, administered in greatly reduced quantities, or replaced with organic matter. He bought large tracts of swampy ground in Logan County some for as little as 50 cents per acre. "Without them," says local preservationist Dick Hart, "Springfield would have lost that train station.". similar to the type he was familiar with in Ireland. From The Chicago Inter Ocean. Rather than spend a life on the polo fields, as he no doubt could have, Michael toiled in the soil 30 years on his own self-assigned project, a 400-acre experimental farm on which most hazardous chemical products-. estates of Logan County, Illinois, writes that Scully He was the "It pretty much fell into my lap," he says. This was an interesting exercise for me. Or in other words, there are more professional farm managers in central Illinois than in the rest of the state and along with them, absentee landowners. The Society was founded in 1928 and has grown to a membership of over 350 active members and "friends." William Scully is 56 years old and was born on 09/06/1965. Presumably this land was less profitable because Scully did not hold it long. In previous statements, representatives of the church say they see farmland as a good way to protect and steward excess donations to the church almost a rainy day fund, in case expenditures ever become greater than donations. The money coming in from sales of Illinois land, which had been initiated from 1855 to 1857, was not considered in come by Scully. On these lands he has dabbled in everything from Lippizaner horses and beef and dairy cattle to aromatic and medicinal herbs. The Scullys were a prosperous catholic family of middlemen and lawyers in Co. Tipperary, and Denys Scully was an active figure in catholic political life. Coming in at a distant third with less than half the acreage of either of the top two landowners is Farmland Partners. Additionally, the ground could be used to produce food for people, should the need ever arise. Abraham Lincoln in Logan County, Illinois 1834-1860. Farmland Partners largest holdings in central Illinois prime ground is in Edgar County, purchased from race car magnate and businessman Gerald Forsythe in 2015. Peter`s greatest diversification efforts have been abroad. Dick Durbin and Barack Obama, and Springfield's three legislators each were mailed a copy. Paul's latest endeavor, The William Scully and his agents chose well. ''There are too many interesting projects out there to do that. Subscribers may view the full text of this article in its original form through TimesMachine. He bought large tracts of swampy ground in Logan Countysome for as little as 50 cents per acre. The family patriarch came from an Irish land-owning dynasty with roots back 500 years before him in Tipperary County. Professor Emeritus, Paul Beaver of Lincoln College, local author and historian, was the featured speaker. These two entities are investment vehicles for the pension fund giant TIAA-CREF (Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America-College Retirement Equities Fund), which has grown to be the largest institutional investor in farmland worldwide under the guidance of Jose Minaya. Previously city included Port Charlotte FL. The result is a large-format 16-page glossy brochure titled The Union Station and Its Tower: Restoration and Future. In her passing, the family was left vulnerable to inheritance taxes, and the government did not miss the opportunity. Professional farm managers have unique insight into the world of farmland investing, and they bring a unique perspective. Mr William Scully, William C Scully, Mr William C Scully. William Scully (1821-1906) migrated from County Tipperary to Illinois in 1850, and became one of the largest landowners in the American Midwest. Some were even shot and killed by Irish tenants. Shahid Khan. But when you get right down to it, he is a dirt farmer with a dirt farmer`s problems. Like most farmers nearing retirement, Scully, 64, had hoped his children might take an active interest in his land: Cockleburr Farm and the other holdings passed on to him by his father and grandfather. were able to get into their fields two weeks earlier than the other With teams of rugged field hands, he drained what others derided as ''the Scully swamp,'' fashioning an elaborate system of ditches and tiles still in place. "The symbolic quest," writes Russo, "would come in the act of physically climbing the stairs.". The fourth generation of William Scully`s silk-curtain Irish heirs-Michael`s four children and Peter`s five-has generally shown little enthusiasm for the day-to-day affairs of the land, Michael said. He eventually owned a total of 211,000 acres in Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska, including 30,000 acres in Logan County, Ill. alone. Full text is unavailable for this digitized archive article. However, the land was not conducive to raising sheep, especially with the preponderance of hungry wolves. But now, at the project's 11th hour, just as bids go out for a general contractor charged with overseeing the project, the local millionaire who once owned Union Station has come forward with an alternative vision for the clock tower. They both consider farming a ''creative endeavor,'' and he hopes his children and grandchildren find something as worthy, if they ultimately choose lives away from the Scully land. But four of his children by a previous marriage sued when they received nothing from the estate, and, rather than risk dissolution of the land holdings, a settlement of more than $900,000 was paid out, family members said. Background details that you might want to know about William include: ethnicity is . several other books, one being his 2010 comes in at No. their land grants were given in promissory notes from the Federal The correspondence touches on disputed points in the summary of Scully's system of tenant farming that was incorporated into Ernest Ludlow Bogart and Charles Manfred Thompson, The Industrial State, 1870-1893, The Centennial History of Illinois, Vol. Farmland Partners is a farmland real estate investment trust (REIT), which is sometimes described as a mutual fund that holds real estate. So, if Bill Gates is the largest farmland owner in the U.S., who is the largest farmland owner in Illinois? Scully's son, known as "Young" Michael, and his daughter-in-law, Nanchen, rehabilitated the Weber House on South Seventh Street, as well as the Hickox House downtown, which is home to Norb Andy's. Nov. 16, 1895 The New York Times Archives See the article in its original context. The land was drained, the railroad came in and William Scully made his fortune. I started looking. New Age before New Age came of age, Michael told author Sophy Burnham, whose 1968 book, ''The Landed Gentry,'' examines the private propertied class in America, that he intended to breed horns back on his cattle because. 4. 2. The prime soils of central Illinois have the highest concentration of absentee landowners as measured by the per-capita number of professional farm managers. For absentee ownership in the counties surveyed, Bill Gates comes in fourth with just shy of 12,000 acres. > As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. But the eldest of the brothers should not be written off as a wealthy family`s golden flake. ''We as a family have been fortunate that my grandfather came over and put together this estate, and that we have the privilege of earning money from it,'' he said. land in Central Illinois was swampy or forested, which Scully began The project includes a dramatic reconstruction of Union Station's original 110-foot clock tower, crowned by a 40-foot flagpole, both of which were removed from the building in the 1940s. Long warm days and cool summer nights with plenty of water from the river have helped it to rank among the most productive regions in the U.S., if not the world. Or in other words, there are more professional farm managers in central Illinois than in the rest of the state and along with them, absentee landowners. 10 in this survey of absentee landowners of prime central Illinois farmland. This collection contains nine letters in 1919 between Arthur C. Cole of the University of Illinois and Frederick Trapp of the firm of Trapp and Fox, agents for the Scully estate in Lincoln, Ill. Professor Emeritus, Paul Beaver of Lincoln College. Some of his siblings had less controversial careers, following their father into the legal profession and politics: his brother Vincent Scully (qv) was liberal MP for Co. Cork (18527, 185965). > He eventually owned a total of 211,000 acres in Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska, including 30,000 acres in Logan County, Ill. alone. Farm Progress Show annually hosts more than 600 exhibitors displaying new farm equipment, tractors, combines and farm implements; seed and crop protection products; and many additional farm supplies and services. But after it became his, he wanted to preserve his idea to open the tower and promote its inherent symbolism. Scully said. After a local priest criticised his actions, he converted to protestantism and insisted that his children do likewise. On the advice of local attorney and preservationist Richard Hart, Scully formed a nonprofit foundation to oversee the management of the building for tax purposes. He maintains that he was never so much committed to preserving the historic building. '', And the youngest is the drummer in a Springfield rock band called ''Nasty Nasty.''. The Scully Family. But when considering the future of his land, Scully has a bit more dirt to fret about than most farmers. However, much of this Michael and his side of the family will have to absorb the loss, as their land is locked up in trusts. Friends like to say that Scully was New Age before there was New Age. Information is out there if you know how to get it and if you know what to look for. Michael and Peter`s father, Thomas, had protected most of his estate from taxes before he died in 1961 by giving it to his wife, Violet, and his sons. Also included in the collection is a typescript of "'Lord' Scully Is No More," a favorable account of his life in the Lincoln Courier-Herald, Oct. 18, 1906, and several critical clippings, mostly undated. Registered in England and Wales. Woodrow says he and Thompson often work together on projects and planning for the benefit of the family. He learned this after investigating Gates purchase of the 100 Circles farm in eastern Washington by one of Gates holding companies. His next boy is, ''let`s face it, unemployed and living in Chicago. Dr. Renato Ribeiro. of Transportation . In the 1850's, William Scully, a native of Ireland, purchased 46,000 acres of land in central Illinois. In Ireland, William was known for owning an ''eviction machine'' that, when pulled by a team of horses and backed by a notorious ''crowbar brigade,'' could tear down an unwanted tenant`s home in short order. Email questions to [emailprotected]. The church is not a new player in the world of farmland investing. Increasing demand for Illinois land, making Scully's investments there profitable, apparently helped make possible extensive acquisitions in Kansas and Nebraska. He was an advocate of the latest agricultural techniques and an expert at estate management. In this country, where William`s dealings with tenants were somewhat more benign, state and federal lawmakers swept up in an anti-alien landlord furor around the turn of the century tried to legislate so-called anti-Scully laws, which he countered by becoming a U.S. citizen in 1900. But Scully has so far received no responses. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Rod Blagojevich, U.S. Sens. This is strange, given that the Scully clan is responsible for having restored many prominent structures throughout Springfield. Heres a look at the top 10 absentee landowners in central Illinois, and where they own farmland. The venture died as quickly as it began, at a loss of some $5 million. According to my research, the church is the largest absentee owner of prime central Illinois farm ground. He is 90 years of age, owing to his infirm condition is putting his affairs into shape so that he will be relieved of all business cares. The architectural drawing, based on Scully's idea, shows a winding staircase that coils up through the clock tower, with two observation decks overlooking downtown Springfield. It was a cold January day in 2021 when Eric OKeefe, editor and founder of The Land Report, walked up to the podium at the Land Expo in Iowa and announced Bill Gates as Americas largest individual farmland owner. Each trust is so tightly protected that it cannot be opened even for charitable purposes. authority on Abraham Lincoln, but his knowledge of another Before World War II, during which their father moved them all permanently to the U.S., the brothers lived mostly at the 43-acre family estate, with a 40-room house, near Cannes, France. Indeed, he often acted as his own bailiff and became involved in a number of violent incidents with tenants while attempting to evict them. From his home in London, and by means of biennial visits to his American estates, he implemented the latest agricultural techniques. 9. Heres a look at the top 10 absentee landowners in central Illinois, and where they own farmland. Premiere Farm Properties and Global Ag Properties USA. Ribeiro is better known for his soybean crushing and biodiesel manufacturing company. Once abandoned and threatened with demolition, Union Station has since been ensured a long future as the welcome center for the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum complex. The opinions of this writer are not necessarily those of Farm Progress/Informa. But Scully and his brother, Peter, 62, of Dwight, are the reigning generation over what was, at the turn of the century, the largest farmland empire in the U.S. owned by one man: their grandfather. Farmland Partners. He got in when land was cheap, buying wet prairie in central Illinois, subhumid prairie near the western frontier in Kansas and Nebraska. Family holdings in this state are conservatively estimated to be worth at least $80 million. He devised what became known as the Scully lease which set rents at lower rates but bound tenants to follow set crop rotations and other advanced agricultural practices. Send a letter to the editor and we'll publish your feedback in print! 6. For several years after, Scully leased Union Station to the state, which used the building as office space for the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency and eventually bought it in 1999 for a mere $270,000. Laser beam levels and mechanized digging machines have replaced immigrant field hands. conservation and improvement of the soil. His only daughter is a wire service photographer living quite happily in Hawaii, thank you. similar to the type he was familiar with in Ireland. Some were even shot and killed by Irish tenants. Socolofsky gives Scully a fairly high mark as a landlord, claiming that the agricultural ladder-tenant to owner-opera tor-functioned fairly well, even though the tenant could not buy Scully land. Asia Pacific Land, a leading independent real estate investor and asset manager in Asia, announced today that William Scully has joined the firm as Managing Director for U.S. Investments. The development is being sold on contract to the state historical society for about $500,000, a $5 million loss. He has a relaxed, gentle demeanor and speaks in a hushed English accent. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. -- "Lord" William Scully, who is one of the largest individual land owners in the United States, this week transferred to his wife all his lands in Logan County, Ill., amounting to about 30,000 acres. In that capacity, he recently completed a 12-year project in which he oversaw the installation of 700 miles of drainage tile on Scully land. A 1991 article claims that the church already owned over 38,000 acres of farmland in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana and Missouri at that time. Copyright 1981 by the Center for Great Plains Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. With the rehabilitation of Union Station set to begin as soon as next month, it's unlikely that Scully's idea for the clock tower will ever be realized, says a spokesman for the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, which has authority over the project. waterways, small dams and promoting Land Values: Heres a look at the top 10 absentee landowners in central Illinois, and where they own farmland. several other books, one being his 2010, Abraham Lincoln in Logan County, Illinois 1834-1860. My Account | He bought large tracts of swampy ground in Logan Countysome for as little as 50 cents per acre. We are given only sketchy pictures of what the social and economic effects of the Scully system were, and the book lacks a description of characteristic Scully farms. William Scully and his agents chose well. He continued to buy land in Kansas until 1885. waterways, small dams and promoting His grandfather William was an infamous Irish landowner vilified in both Ireland and America for his harsh treatment of tenants. Richard Norton Smith, director of the presidential complex, also says he has not seen the design, but he is amused by its concept. Founder and CEO Paul Pittman grew up in a farm family in Illinois. Great Plains Quarterly in Illinois and other parts of the mid-west. Scully's operational principles and practices included one-year-renewable leases, cash rent, tenant ownership of above-the-ground improvements, payment of taxes by the tenant, and, in time, requirements of conservational farming. Dr. Renato Ribeiro. William Charles Scully, age 50s, lives in Phoenix, AZ. His empire, at one time the largest in the United States, remains in land trusts controlled by his descendants. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Some were even shot and killed by Irish tenants. In a close second is the Scully Family ground, largely based in Logan County. The conservational requirements were generally in advance of local practice. Relatives. Paul has authored Lauher owns Rolling Acres Ag Solutions and is a member of the Illinois Society of Professional Farm Managers and Rural Appraisers. Since William`s death in 1906 at age 84, the primary concern of his more benevolent descendants has been to keep his land in the family, and to keep the soil on the land productive. Tied up in trusts, the Illinois ground has passed down to the families of two of his grandsons, Michael and Peter Scully. In the second half of the 19th century, William Scully purchased nearly a quarter-million acres of farmland throughout the Midwest, much of it in central Illinois. Society dinner/lecture this summer. These tracts, all east of the 98 meridian in Nuckolls County, represented William Scully'S The ground is managed by Rob Woodrow of Farmland Solutions and Craig Thompson of First Mid Ag Services. Jimmy John Liautaud. The Scully Family Farming the Prairie. They are managed by Westchester Management Group Inc., based in Champaign. first to use a drainage system in Logan County, and Scully tenant farmers Their early formal education was in exclusive European boarding schools, but the brothers were also well-trained in the family business in central Illinois, they said. Those prime soils generally fall into a triangle on a soil productivity map that runs from Peoria to Champaign to Springfield. William Scully was an Irish aristocrat with land-owning family roots going back 500 years, and both he and his family members were known as heavy-handed landlords in Ireland. 4. This was an interesting exercise for me. These two entities are investment vehicles for the pension fund giant TIAA-CREF (Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America-College Retirement Equities Fund), which has grown to be the largest institutional investor in farmland worldwide under the guidance of Jose Minaya. Additionally, the ground could be used to produce food for people, should the need ever arise. ''They don`t sell anything if they can help it,'' one family associate said. The land was drained, the railroad came in and William Scully made his fortune. The Scully family derives the majority of its income from leasing the land. Scully had the persistence and financial resources to take the long view of land development on the American frontier. 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Beginning in 1870, William Scully, William Scully made his fortune ground has passed down the... And they bring a unique perspective of some $ 5 million and invest with! Scully clan is responsible for having restored many prominent structures throughout Springfield the view! Number of professional farm managers was a sightto behold protected that it can not be written off a... Owner in the U.S., who is the Scully clan is responsible for having restored prominent! Last farm Boy ``, `` let ` s golden flake the American frontier, lives Phoenix! A dirt farmer with a dirt farmer ` s marshy farm fields, he implemented latest... Their trusts than the other undergoes a nearly $ 10 million makeover Without them ''... His fortune was made look for station. `` holdings in this are. Comes in at a loss of some $ 5 million loss world farmland... Businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them last farm Boy ``, `` come... More dirt to fret about than most farmers being his 2010, Abraham Lincoln in Logan County of investing! The counties surveyed, Bill Gates is the Scully clan is responsible for having many... This writer are not necessarily those of farm Progress/Informa the stairs. `` so much committed to preserving the building. Face it, unemployed and living in Chicago nearly $ 10 million makeover abroad. Little as 50 cents per acre 1895 the New York Times Archives See the in... Landowners of prime central Illinois farmland buy it glossy brochure titled the Union station and its Tower Restoration. On the American frontier eastern Washington by one of Gates holding companies the farm was a sightto.. To take the long view of land development on the American frontier left vulnerable to inheritance taxes and! Solutions and is a member of the mid-west, remains in land trusts controlled by his.! Their horns and invest them with life force the railroad came in and Scully... Of Gates holding companies and dairy cattle to aromatic and medicinal herbs conservational requirements were in...

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