government officials involved in human trafficking 2021
The inequities created by systemic racism have survived in part because of the intentional destruction of certain racial groups social support networks. United Arab Emirates Led by Khassanova, Sana Sezim has worked tirelessly throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to keep its shelter open for trafficking victims and to raise awareness about safe migration and human trafficking. If a separate room is not available, a child-friendly corner of a larger interview room can also serve as a designated section that is welcoming to children. Ghana UnderPooles strategic direction, MWLaddressesthe root causes of human trafficking, focusing oncommunitieswhereRoma, migrants, women, and childrenare most vulnerable. Section 402 of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act, as amended (CSPA) requires publication in the annual TIP Report of a list of foreign governments identified during the previous year as having governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces, or government-supported armed groups that recruit or use child soldiers, as defined in the CSPA. The tier ranking justification appears in the first paragraph of each country narrative and includes language that explicitly highlights the factors supporting a given tier ranking. Law enforcement officers were unable to conduct proper investigations and interviews with individuals to obtain the necessary evidence to prosecute human trafficking cases. The information provided below only includes assistance obligated as of April 5, 2021. Andrew Pfender Cyprus Supporting the Reintegration of Trafficked Persons: A Guidebook for the Greater Mekong Sub-Region: https://cbss.org/our-work/safe-secure-region/anti-trafficking/, Task Force against Trafficking in Human Beings Strategic Plan 2020-2025, Human Trafficking 2020 Baltic Sea Round-up Report, Guidelines for journalists reporting on cases of human trafficking: Media and Trafficking in Human Beings (2019), Task Force Against Trafficking in Human Beings, http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/trafficking/, Reports: https://www.coe.int/en/web/anti-human-trafficking/general-reports, 9th General Report on GRETAs Activities (2019), https://www.coe.int/en/web/anti-human-trafficking/general-reports, Guidance Note on the entitlement of victims of trafficking, and persons at risk of being trafficked, to international protection, Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), ECOWAS Declaration on the Fight against Trafficking in Persons (2001), Joint ECOWAS/ECCAS Regional Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children (2006-2008), http://ec.europa.eu/anti-trafficking/index.action, Third report on the progress made in the fight against trafficking in human beings (2020) as required under Article 20 of Directive 2011/36/EU on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/content/images/Human-Trafficking-2018.pdf, Arab Initiative to Combat Trafficking in Persons, 2010, Comprehensive Arab Strategy for Combating, Trafficking in Human Beings (CASCTHB), Council of Arab Ministers of Justice Resolution 15/2/2012, http://www.oas.org/dsp/english/cpo_trata_dia_mundial.asp, Second Work Plan against Trafficking in Persons in the Western Hemi-sphere 2015-2018 (extended to 2020), Hemispheric Efforts against Trafficking in Persons Declaration of Mexico (2018), Advancing Hemispheric Security: A Multidimensional Approach (AG/RES. The United States is expected on Monday to announce steps to tackle human trafficking and smuggling in Guatemala, a senior U.S. official said, as Vice President Kamala Harris visits the region to . Many aligned policies and practices to current realities. The Department places each country in this Report onto one of four tiers, as mandated by the TVPA. In November 2018, President Biya announced the creation of a National Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) Committee. Continuing to bolster Afghan military capability and professionalization through military education and training of Afghan security forces will contribute to a climate that is more favorable for achieving a political settlement and implementing its outcomes. Page 2: Katie Orlinsyky In that project, the embassy will provide consultation services for improving TT law enforcements response to human trafficking. Government authorities and service providers should take special measures to ensure appropriate and tailored support and care are available to them. sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; or. Security assistance to Afghanistan subject to the CSPA restriction fulfills critical U.S. counterterrorism objectives and fosters conditions that enable an end to the conflict in Afghanistan. February 1, 2016. Syrian detainee: Does Trinidad and Tobago Government hate us? Labor-Sending Countries and Pre-departure Measures: The Department of State received the following letter in response to its annual Federal Register notice requesting information relevant to countries progress in addressing human trafficking. When there was an error at the local health clinic, and my blood got mixed up with another persons, I tested false positive for AIDS. Nonetheless, the challenges uncovered by COVID-19 are monumental and may be long lasting, requiring sustained collaboration among governments, civil society organizations, private sector leaders, survivor leaders, and other anti-trafficking actors to adjust and respond aptly to overcome these challenges. Page 50: Ernst Coppejans The Government of South Sudan is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. The Government of Maldives incorporated questions on labor exploitation and unethical recruitment into health screenings and COVID-19 contact tracing for all foreign workers. Barry L. Paschal, Public Affairs Officer: 912-652-4422 Updated November 23, 2021 Topics Asset Forfeiture Human Trafficking Immigration Human Smuggling Labor & Employment Violent Crime Component Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) USAO - Florida, Middle USAO - Georgia, Middle USAO - Georgia, Northern USAO - Georgia, Southern USAO - Texas, Southern Paraguay It is easy to understand why individuals would see something online about human trafficking, especially when it involves children, and feel the need to share or act on the information. The anti-trafficking community made a concerted effort to incorporate anti-trafficking efforts into broader crisis responses in the past through building capacity, developing guidance and trainings, and supporting coordination of actors in the field. 333 and has certified that the Government of Somalia is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Russia The Chinese government had a government policy or pattern of widespread forced labor, including through the continued mass arbitrary detention of more than one million Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz, and other Muslims in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang). They also trained 176 officials in the identification of child soldiers and have training focal points in each SNA sector regarding the prohibition against children in armed conflict. Venezuela This is seen, for example, in the overrepresentation of human trafficking victims among Black populations in some parts of South America, the lack of protections afforded to migrant workers in the Gulf that creates a dependence on others that traffickers can exploit, and the intentional targeting of Roma communities through law enforcement anti-trafficking operations in Eastern Europe. Czech Republic Rachel Fox Smothermon Always discerning the needs of the moment,Pooleadapts to meet new challenges. Sudan As a result, APRAMP was able to remain active in reporting on sex trafficking trends, thus providing strategic information to other relevant stakeholders. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. IMET funding supports the training and education to increase the professionalization of the military through professional military education (PME) training in the United States. The PRC initially denied all allegations, dismissing them as international interference in its domestic affairs. During the three months of Spains lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic, under Moras leadership, APRAMP quickly redirected its efforts toward the detection of new spaces where commercial sex was happening. Burma Finally, the TVPA limits a country to one year on Tier 2 Watch List after that country received a waiver to stay on the Watch List and was subsequently downgraded to Tier 3. The Department of State assesses that the social and economic disruption caused by the conflict are the primary drivers for the ongoing unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers in Yemen by all parties to the conflict. Human trafficking rings often use instant and secure communication mechanisms to facilitate activities among members and employ GPS location applications as one way to remotely control victims. The Philippine Department of Justice noted an increase of nearly 300 percent in referrals for potential online sex trafficking and OSEC cases from March to May 2020, the period during which the Philippines was under lockdown or quarantine measures. Some indicators of forced labor of a child include situations in which the child appears to be in the custody of a non-family member and the childs work financially benefits someone outside the childs family; or the denial of food, rest, or schooling to a child who is working. "The 2022 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report covered government efforts undertaken during the reporting period from April 1, 2021, through March 31, 2022," the spokesperson said. We paid daily for a bed, for the space at the bar, for the help the bar owners gave us. As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. Survivors have known that the justice system is flawed: just ask the victims arrested and prosecuted for their traffickers crimes., Fainess Lipenga, Our bodies are lying in alleys and warehouses unnoticed; we are pawns in a system that doesnt care about us. FMF has supported Nigerias ability to participate in peacekeeping, counterterrorism and maritime security operations. Curaao For example, Winrock Internationals How to Build Cross-Sectoral Collaboration to Protect Workers in the Age of COVID-19, seeks to initiate cross-sector collaboration and provide guidance for the private sector and anti-trafficking organizations to address increased vulnerability to human trafficking, particularly forced labor, for job seekers, migrant workers, and individuals from vulnerable communities. While acknowledging these leaders, we recognize that many of us have also been touched by trauma, whether through loss of a loved one, our own illness, or dealing with large-scale lockdowns and extreme uncertainty. From forced labor in local or national public work projects, military operations, and economically important sectors, or as part of government-funded projects or missions abroad, officials use their power to exploit their nationals. State withheld $850,000 in FY 2021 International Military Education and Training (IMET) funds for Mali pursuant to section 404(a) and other applicable restrictions. Applying an equity-based lens involves evaluating and understanding how individual organizations perpetuate the marginalization of vulnerable populations, including persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ persons, indigenous peoples, and members of racial, ethnic, and religious minority groups. In addition, some service providers offered telephone and online counseling and legal aid sessions, including filing temporary protection orders by email and providing legal representation via online platforms. Significant additional work remains to eradicate this practice across Yemen. Those who have managed to avoid detention are still at risk of state-sponsored forced labor and other abuses. The Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Visit disclaimer . Bosnia and Herzegovina In the Gulf States, an IST Research survey of 6,000 migrant workers concluded employers were 36 percent more likely to confine migrant domestic workers to their workplace and were 240 percent more likely to force those workers to work on rest days than any other migrant workers. Kuwait The US Department of State is urging the T&T Government to investigate fully and transparently any official suspected of complicity in human trafficking, and to seek conviction and sufficiently stringent punishment of any official found to be complicit. Montenegro has been shaken hard by the burgeoning scandal, which allegedly involved leading members of the judiciary, police and political officials. When responding to the impacts of the COVID-19 virus, it is important that those working on safety and security measures are equipped with the knowledge and resources to identify and refer cases of human trafficking. The TVPA provides such liability for any legal person, including a business that benefits financially from its involvement in a human trafficking scheme, provided that the business knew or should have known of the scheme. Madagascar In Uganda, the Human Trafficking Institute (HTI) developed a forum via WhatsApp to establish communication among police and prosecutors during the shutdown. Drawing on lessons learned from the pandemic response thus far, there are four main considerations that aim to mitigate impacts of crises and guide the path forward for the anti-trafficking community: Addressing human trafficking during a global pandemic requires the full range of actors in the anti-trafficking community to bridge the gap and establish a comprehensive coordinated response. Budget Day 2020/2021; . The 2007 TIP Report showed for the first time a breakout of the number of total prosecutions and convictions that related to labor trafficking, placed in parentheses. Members of prosecution teams were obliged to think creatively to meet the victims needs while considering their own health and safety. In addition to GNA-aligned units, others, including the self-styled Libyan National Army, have engaged in the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Do you get to choose to be abused in a society where death is the alternative? In line with MC Decision 6/17, in 2020 the OSR/CTHB, in co-operation with anti-trafficking Focal Points and DHR, finalized the development of a learning module on combating TIP for the OSCE executive structures as part of the new All OnBoard programme. Substantial changes in financial situations, such as the reduction of wages and work hours, closure of workplaces, rising unemployment, and reduced remittances, coupled with the rise in costs of living and disruptions to social safety networks, created newly precarious situations for those not previously vulnerable and even more precarious situations for those who were already at risk of exploitation. Human trafficking continues to be a critical threat to Black communities. The number of arrests reported for human trafficking involving involuntary servitude increased from 66 in 2015 to 146 in 2019 before declining to 92 in 2020. It is in the U.S. national interest to support efforts to bring about a negotiated political settlement led by the United Nations Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen. Malta Financial institutions are required to comply with law enforcement processes seeking to identify traffickers assets, which can be seized, forfeited, and used toward restitution for victims. Soumya Silver 3. The above statistics are estimates derived from data provided by foreign governments and other sources and reviewed by the Department of State. The ways in which a service provider would engage with an eight-year-old child exploited by a family member will need to be different than when engaging with a child who has a safe home with a trusted adult. There were no other reports of child soldier use in 2019. When the FARDC justice system received credible reports that soldiers in the 2105th regiment had abducted underage girls, they quickly opened an investigation and detained suspected abusers. Innovative AML compliance solutions that use big data, advanced analytics, network analysis, and, increasingly, artificial intelligence to monitor transactions and identify and report suspicious transactions can assist governments and the private sector in identifying and combating human trafficking networks. Internally, the Office of the Special Representative and Co-Ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (OSR/CTHB) helped develop and adopt contract and tender provisions for OSCE procurement; conducted a pilot assessment of TIP risk in procurement of the OSCE field operation in Serbia, results from which were published in an analysis report; developed guidance for OSCE procurement to prevent TIP, and developed training for OSCE procurement and program staff and launched implementation. Kathleen Vogel It restricted where and how enslaved people could gather or socialize to weaken communal bonds to avoid a unified rebellion for freedom. While COVID-19 restrictions have slowed the investigation, two soldiers have been charged and are in prison awaiting trial, while the local prosecutor is pursuing charges against another eight soldiers. Page 55: Picture Alliance Timothy Gehring Algeria For example: With an anticipated increase in poverty rates for the first time in two decades, further research on the economic effects of COVID-19 remains essential to understanding the ensuing large-scale unemployment, particularly in the informal job sector, and how it will drive known and new forms of trafficking. For the United States, this means confronting its history of chattel slavery, indigenous dispossession, and the centuries-long racial campaigns of violence, fear, and trauma that followed. They left their country with fake passports and worked hard laying asphalt and stone in residential neighborhoods. For example, in the United States, the Departments of State, the Treasury, Commerce, and Homeland Security released the Xinjiang Supply Chain Business Advisory to alert businesses and other entities to the reputational, economic, and legal risks of involvement with entities in or linked to Xinjiang. Tonga Page 9: Picture Alliance With continued collaboration, adaptation, and commitment to serving the needs of victims, survivors, and vulnerable populations, anti-trafficking efforts will emerge stronger in the post-pandemic era. Janine Gannon For the fifth consecutive year, there were no cases of unlawful recruitment or use by FARDC. Thailand In response to emerging challenges, governments and civil society organizations conducted in-depth research assessments on the impacts of COVID-19, leveraged technology as a method to address emerging trends, adapted policy approaches, and sought to expand protections for victims. Haley L. Sands These dual harms raise the need for additional trainings to teach organizations how to properly incorporate survivor feedback and adopt a comprehensive, trauma-informed approach in practice. Building a just world, where traffickers can no longer capitalize on and abuse systemic inequities, requires addressing the underlying causes of those inequities by first acknowledging the structures of power and historical context behind unequal distribution of privilege and protection, including the governments role. When assessing needs, a child-friendly waiting room might take priority. The limited U.S. military assistance to Cameroon plays a role in its ability to support regional stability and security, including in the strategically important Gulf of Guinea, and to address the threat in the Lake Chad region from Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa. The analysis is primarily focused on the traffickers conduct and not that of the victim. This support would be intended to provide carefully calibrated capacity-building for units not directly engaged in the current conflict. Allowing migrant workers to have full freedom of movement and to switch employers without penalty would help prevent human trafficking. Masks and other personal protective equipment, as well as virtual engagements, reduce the ability to read facial and non-verbal cues and body language, which can be a survival mechanism for survivors. These measures will go a long way to preventing labor abuse and exploitation, especially forced labor. Authorities have detected the use of third-party payment processors (TPPPs) by traffickers and their facilitators to wire funds, which gives the appearance that the TPPP is the originator or beneficiary of the wire transfer and conceals the true originator or beneficiary. Burkina Faso Another manifestation of human trafficking occurs when a governmental armed group (including police or other security forces), paramilitary organization, rebel group, or other non-state armed group unlawfully recruits or uses childrenthrough force, fraud, or coercionas combatants or in support roles. China This reporting and information sharing can be highly useful in tracking and tracing proceeds related to human trafficking. Section 5. Many of us are sexually assaulted by family, peers in schools, our ministers, or coaches. In Haiti, Niger, and Mali, gangs operating in IDP camps took advantage of reduced security and limited protection to force residents at the camp to perform commercial sex acts. Additionally, a critical element of ending the conflict in Yemen is our counterterrorism campaign and efforts to counter Iranian arms smuggling to the Houthis. The office uses information from the US Embassy, government and public officials, survivors of human trafficking, non-governmental and international organisations, published reports, news articles, academic studies, consultations with authorities, along with other sources. The country faces numerous longstanding challenges, including: inadequate infrastructure and human resources; the governments inability to project authority across the sizable country; corruption; a limited capacity to raise and manage revenues; outbreaks of infectious disease; as well as the destabilizing activity of numerous armed groups. Some military personnel are participating in training programs on childrens rights. Often the people in the best position to identify a potential case of human trafficking are neighbors, family members, friends, or others close to victims or traffickers. 4. Prevention efforts decreased as some governments suspended awareness campaigns, which often focused on areas less frequented during the pandemic, including airports, border crossings, bus and train stations, schools, and venues for large gatherings. As of April 5, $3,821,000 worth of EDA equipment was transferred to Afghanistan. PKO funds may also support International Code of Conduct Association efforts to improve oversight of private security contractors at the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) to ensure that UNMISS is able to fulfill its mandate of protection of civilians to help enable the peace process to succeed. The 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report includes the following 11 governments with a documented policy or pattern of human trafficking, trafficking in government-funded programs, forced labor in government-affiliated medical services or other sectors, sexual slavery in government camps, or the employment or recruitment of child soldiers: Afghanistan I finished out the semester and decided I would wait for a bit to finish college. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, Div. This year, the TIP Report introduction examines the emerging trends, challenges, and adaptations to global anti-trafficking efforts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Section 3 provides a list of waivers or exceptions exercised under the CSPA. Confronted, however, with eyewitness testimony and thoroughly researched reporting from multiple sources, the PRC eventually admitted the existence of the camps. We have seen, for instance, how deeply held racial biases and stereotypes inappropriately influence outcomes for those in our criminal justice system as they lead to racially disparate assumptions about who is identified as a trafficker and who is identified as a victim. Trained customer-facing staff can recognize, document, and report behavioral indicators of human trafficking. The report said corrupt government officials were not the only people involved in human trafficking in TT. Under the unparalleled leadership and direction of Khassanova, Sana Sezim continues to provide access to justice for victims of trafficking by building the organizational capacity of civil society organizations and the judicial system to combat trafficking in persons. For 26 years, Roco Mora-Nieto has dedicated her efforts to combat the sexual exploitation of women and, since the 1990s, sex trafficking in Spain through her work as director of the Association for the Prevention, Reintegration and Assistance of Prostituted Women (APRAMP). Toys, art supplies, and age-appropriate books are also provided. Treat them as more than the trauma they have experienced and foster their strengths so, if they desire, they could successfully run the organization or get a job in the field of their choice. One of the destinations of these women and girls is Turkey. Israel Successful counter-measures often require anti-trafficking actors to build upon existing crisis frameworks and promising practices to include anti-trafficking responses that are trauma-informed and victim-centered. Traffickers often use fraudulent, psychologically manipulative, or coercive recruitment methods so they need not kidnap or even physically restrain their victims. . Liberia Kari A. Johnstone The TVPA, as amended, lists additional factors to determine whether a country should be on Tier 2 (or Tier 2 Watch List) versus Tier 3: In addition, the TVPA directs the Secretary of State to consider, as proof of a countrys failure to make significant efforts to fully meet the TVPAs minimum standards, a government policy or pattern of: trafficking; trafficking in government-funded programs; forced labor (in government-affiliated medical services, agriculture, forestry, mining, construction, or other sectors); sexual slavery in government camps, compounds, or outposts; or employing or recruiting child soldiers. In June 2019, the Minister of Justice and Judiciary launched Somalias version of a UN advocacy and action campaign called ACT to Protect, aimed at protecting children affected by armed conflict, and the CPU established a Children Affected by Armed Conflict working group. Reports from several countries demonstrated drastic increases in online commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking, including online sexual exploitation of children (OSEC), and demand for and distribution of child sexual exploitation material (CSEM), including content that involved human trafficking victims.
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